Multipath Routing Scheme for Optimum Data Transmission in Dense Internet of Things

Multipath routing in Autonomous Fault Detection and Recovery System for IoT networks (AFDRS-IoT) enables data to be transferred more efficiently than single-path routing. To choose routes, one needs to solve the problem of traffic distribution. Mathematicians from RUDN University have developed a new routing algorithm that optimally splits traffic, thereby improving network speed and reliability.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology that has recently gained significant interest, especially with the dramatic increase in connected devices. However, IoT networks are not yet standardized, and the design of such networks faces many challenges, including scalability, flexibility, reliability, and availability of such networks. Routing is among the significant problems facing IoT network design because of the dramatic increase in connected devices and the network requirements regarding availability, reliability, latency, and flexibility. To this end, this work investigates deploying a multipath routing scheme for dense IoT networks. The proposed method selects a group of routes from all available routes to forward data at a maximum rate. The choice of data transmission routes is a complex problem for which numerical optimization methods can be used. A novel method for selecting the optimum group of routes and coefficients of traffic distribution along them is proposed. The proposed method is implemented using dynamic programming. The proposed method outperforms the traditional route selection methods, e.g., random route selection, especially for dense IoT networks. The model significantly reduced the number of intermediate nodes involved in routing paths over dense IoT networks by 34%. Moreover, it effectively demonstrated a significant decrease of 52% in communication overhead and 40% in data delivery time in dense IoT networks compared to traditional models.

Introduction

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become integral to modern info-communication systems. According to the forecasts of leading manufacturers, the number of wireless devices connected to communication networks will grow in the foreseeable future. A large number of connected devices leads to the formation of high-density networks, which have several features associated with significant mutual influences between nodes.

Along with the complexities of organizing high-density networks, many features provide additional opportunities for network organization. For example, when selecting the logical structure of the network, in conditions of a large number of nodes, there is the possibility of a more flexible approach to the solution of the problem. In conditions of low density, the possibilities of choosing a logical structure are defined exclusively by the mutual placement of nodes. However, in conditions of high density, a node can be found in proximity, practically, to any point of space. This allows one to choose to build the logical structure that some considerations require.

However, this freedom of choice requires methods for shaping the logical structure that best meets specific needs. The authors provided a method for selecting route parameters in IoT networks to obtain the maximum transmission speed. The authors proved that the transmission speed of the route decreases as the number of transits increases. If the length of the route (i.e., number of transits) is too high, which may be the case in large-scale networks, its transmission speed may be less than required and cannot be increased by the choice of its parameters. In such a case, the only way to increase the transmission speed is to use multipath routing.

The ultimate objective of this work is to develop a novel route selection scheme that selects the optimum routes over a communication network for a certain transmission to achieve the maximum transmission speed. The main contributions of this work as summarized as follows:

• Developing a multipath routing scheme for dense IoT networks.

• Developing a route selection model that selects a group of routes from available routes to transmit data at higher speeds.

• Optimizing the proposed route selection model to obtain the optimum routes that achieve the maximum transmission speed.

• Performance evaluation of the proposed route selection scheme for dense IoT networks.

More Details